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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodforAirPermeabilityofTextileFabrics
【原文标准名称】:纺织纤维透气率的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD737-2004(2008)e1
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2004
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D13.59
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:airpermeability;fabric;Airbagmaterials/applications;Airpermeance/permeability;Blankets;Heavily-sizedtextilefabrics;Knittedtextilefabrics;Nappedfabrics;Nonwoventextilefabrics;Pilefabrics;Resin-treatedtextilefabrics;Textilefabrics
【摘要】:Thistestmethodisconsideredsatisfactoryforacceptancetestingofcommercialshipmentssincecurrentestimatesofbetween-laboratoryprecisionareacceptable,andthistestmethodisusedextensivelyinthetradeforacceptancetesting.Iftherearedifferencesofpracticalsignificancebetweenreportedtestresultsfortwolaboratories(ormore),comparativetestsshouldbeperformedtodetermineifthereisastatisticalbiasbetweenthem,usingcompetentstatisticalassistance.Asaminimum,ensurethetestsamplestobeusedareashomogeneousaspossible,aredrawnfromthematerialfromwhichthedisparatetestresultswereobtained,andarerandomlyassignedinequalnumbertoeachlaboratoryfortesting.Thetestresultsfromthetwolaboratoriesshouldbecomparedusingastatisticaltestforunpaireddata,ataprobabilitylevelchosenpriortothetestingseries.Ifbiasisfound,eitheritscausemustbefoundandcorrected,orfuturetestresultsforthatmaterialmustbeadjustedinconsiderationoftheknownbias.Airpermeabilityisanimportantfactorintheperformanceofsuchtextilematerialsasgasfilters,fabricsforairbags,clothing,mosquitonetting,parachutes,sails,tentage,andvacuumcleaners.Infiltration,forexample,efficiencyisdirectlyrelatedtoairpermeability.Airpermeabilityalsocanbeusedtoprovideanindicationofthebreathabilityofweather-resistantandrainprooffabrics,orofcoatedfabricsingeneral,andtodetectchangesduringthemanufacturingprocess.Performancespecifications,bothindustrialandmilitary,havebeenpreparedonthebasisofairpermeabilityandareusedinthepurchaseoffabricswherepermeabilityisofinterest.Constructionfactorsandfinishingtechniquescanhaveanappreciableeffectuponairpermeabilitybycausingachangeinthelengthofairflowpathsthroughafabric.Hotcalendaringcanbeusedtoflattenfabriccomponents,thusreducingairpermeability.Fabricswithdifferentsurfacetexturesoneithersidecanhaveadifferentairpermeabilitydependinguponthedirectionofairflow.Forwovenfabric,yarntwistalsoisimportant.Astwistincreases,thecircularityanddensityoftheyarnincreases,thusreducingtheyarndiameterandthecoverfactorandincreasingtheairpermeability.Yarncrimpandweaveinfluencetheshapeandareaoftheintersticesbetweenyarnsandmaypermityarnstoextendeasily.Suchyarnextensionwouldopenupthefabric,increasethefreearea,andincreasetheairpermeability.Increasingyarntwistalsomayallowthemorecircular,high-densityyarnstobepackedcloselytogetherinatightlywovenstructurewithreducedairpermeability.Forexample,aworstedgabardinefabricmayhavelowerairpermeabilitythanawoolenhopsackingfabric.1.1Thistestmethodcoversthemeasurementoftheairpermeabilityoftextilefabrics.1.2Thistestmethodappliestomostfabricsincludingwovenfabrics,nonwovenfabrics,airbagfabrics,blankets,nappedfabrics,knittedfabrics,layeredfabrics,andpilefabrics.Thefabricsmaybeuntreated,heavilysized,coated,resin-treated,orotherwisetreated.1.3ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsmaybeapproximate.1.4Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:W04
【国际标准分类号】:59_080_30
【页数】:5P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:Testingfreshconcrete-Part5:flowtabletest.
【原文标准名称】:试验用新浇混凝土.第5部分:流动试验台试验
【标准号】:NFP18-432-1999
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:法国
【发布日期】:1999-12-01
【实施或试行日期】:1999-12-20
【发布单位】:法国标准化协会(FR-AFNOR)
【起草单位】:
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:稳定性(机械性能);压实;新浇混凝土;压扁试验;一致性;试验;施工材料;混凝土;建筑
【英文主题词】:Compactness;Concretes;Consistency;Consistency(mechanicalproperty);Construction;Constructionmaterials;Flatteningtests;Freshconcrete;Testing
【摘要】:
【中国标准分类号】:Q13
【国际标准分类号】:91_100_30
【页数】:10P;A4
【正文语种】:其他